Deserted and devoid of inhabitants.
a desolate isle; a desolate wilderness; a desolate house
Made unfit for habitation or use because of neglect, destruction etc.
desolate altars
To deprive of inhabitants.
If you consider well of the People of the West-Indies, it is very probable, that they are a newer or younger People, than the People of the old World. And it is much more likely, that the destruction that hath heretofore been there, was not by Earthquakes, […] but rather, it was Desolated by a particular Deluge: For Earthquakes are seldom in those Parts.
From Middle English desolat(e). See Etymology 2 and -ate (adjective-forming suffix) for more.
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To abandon or forsake something.
It is not to be supposed that when Cush left Armenia, he left it desolate, and that a rich and long settled country was abandoned altogether; for it would be an absurd way of founding an universal empire, to desolate one country in order to people another.