Relating to or being the second of two items.
The archaic past participle shapen is only used in misshapen, ill-shapen, and well-shapen (the latter two are much less common, though).
Near (or nearer) to the end.
the latter part of the century
In the past, but close (or closer) to the present time.
In his latter years my dad became very absent-minded.
From Old English lætra, comparative form of læt (“late”). Doublet of later; also, cognate with last, whose doublet is latest.
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